Über zwei Jahre prägte die Corona-Pandemie unser Leben. Auch für die Berufsbildung blieb das nicht ohne Konsequenzen. Rückblickend wird die Pandemie als "Brennglas" bezeichnet, in dem sich die Herausforderungen des Bildungswesens bündelten und zeigten. Die Beiträge des vorliegenden Bandes befassen sich mit den konkreten Folgen der Pandemie für verschiedene Bereiche beruflicher Bildung. Ein weiterer Fokus liegt auf der Gestaltung und Wirkung des Distanzlernens in Schule, Betrieb und Hochschule. Zentrale Entwicklungen und ihre Effekte werden bilanziert und reflektiert. Die Beiträge des vorliegenden Bandes benennen nicht nur Desiderate und Schwächen im System beruflicher Bildung, sondern weisen auch auf Chancen und Potenziale hin.

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In nine lively essays, bioethicist J. David Velleman challenges the prevailing consensus about assisted suicide and reproductive technology, articulating an original approach to the ethics of creating and ending human lives. He argues that assistance in dying is appropriate only at the point where talk of suicide is not, and he raises moral objections to anonymous donor conception. In their place, Velleman champions a morality of valuing personhood over happiness in making end-of-life decisions, and respecting the personhood of future children in making decisions about procreation. These controversial views are defended with philosophical rigor while remaining accessible to the general reader. Written over Velleman's 30 years of undergraduate teaching in bioethics, the essays have never before been collected and made available to a non-academic audience. They will open new lines of debate on issues of intense public interest.

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Documenting Death is a gripping ethnographic account of the deaths of pregnant women in a hospital in a low-resource setting in Tanzania. Through an exploration of everyday ethics and care practices on a local maternity ward, anthropologist Adrienne E. Strong untangles the reasons Tanzania has achieved so little sustainable success in reducing maternal mortality rates, despite global development support. Growing administrative pressures to document good care serve to preclude good care in practice while placing frontline healthcare workers in moral and ethical peril. Maternal health emergencies expose the precarity of hospital social relations and accountability systems, which, together, continue to lead to the deaths of pregnant women.

“This powerful and compelling analysis of maternal mortality in rural Tanzania is a groundbreaking addition to scholarship on Africa and its public health challenges. Adrienne E. Strong presents a rich ethnography of hospital function and dysfunction, to which the voices of patients and staff add poignant detail. The ways in which state and global health policy shape maternal health and well-being frame individual narratives in a memorable testimony.” Carolyn Sargent, Professor of Anthropology, Washington University in St. Louis

“Documenting Death is an arresting tale of life and death on a busy maternity ward in rural Tanzania. Drawing on a remarkable period of ethnographic fieldwork, Strong evocatively details the predicament of nurse midwives caught in the ‘biobureaucracy’ of global health projects and their audit trails. A significant contribution to medical anthropology and critical global health scholarship.” Margaret MacDonald, Associate Professor of Anthropology, York University

Adrienne E. Strong is Assistant Professor of Anthropology at the University of Florida.

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Esta coletânea corresponde ao quinto volume da Série Sabor Metrópole, organizada pela Rede Ibero-Americana de Pesquisa Qualitativa em Alimentação e Sociedade, a REDE NAUS. Aqui estão presentes expressões do pensamento quando ele se volta para as relações sociais construídas em torno de discursos e práticas alimentares e corporais, tendo a saúde por horizonte último. Corresponde a espaço de reflexões sobre a comunicação quando ela se dirige à comida e ao corpo, compreendidos na cultura, na sociedade e na história. Dirige-se a estudantes, docentes, pesquisadores e profissionais de variadas formações, em especial, aqueles que atuam nos campos da Alimentação e Nutrição, Saúde e Humanidades.

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In this vitally important book, medical anthropologist Holly Wardlow takes readers through a ten-year history of the AIDS epidemic in Tari, Papua New Guinea, focusing on the political and economic factors that make women vulnerable to HIV and on their experiences with antiretroviral therapy. Alive with the women’s stories about being trafficked to gold mines, resisting polygynous marriages, and struggling to be perceived as morally upright, Fencing in AIDS demonstrates that being female shapes every aspect of the AIDS epidemic. Offering crucial insights into the anthropologies of mining, ethics, and gender, this is essential reading for scholars and professionals addressing the global AIDS crisis today.

“This inspiring book sets the stage for the arrival of the AIDS epidemic in Tari. With the collapse of the state, some women turn to transactional sex for school fees and basic goods. A chorus of women tell stories of rape and abandonment and of their resilience in adopting forms of self-care that include protection for others.” SHIRLEY LINDENBAUM, author of Kuru Sorcery: Disease and Danger in the New Guinea Highlands

“Fencing in AIDS is a superb book that creates a consummate connection between an intimate ethnography of gender, sexuality, and HIV amongst Huli people in Papua New Guinea and the structural contours of the economy and politics in that country, engaging the global literature on sex, love, HIV, the state, extractive industries, and moral philosophy.” MARGARET JOLLY, Professor in the School of Culture, History & Language, Australian National University

“Holly Wardlow’s thoughtful analysis of changing gender relations reminds us once again why New Guinea societies have figured so importantly in anthropology. Engagingly written, the book offers vignettes of women and situations that are tough and touching.” SUSAN REYNOLDS WHYTE, editor of Second Chances: Surviving AIDS in Uganda

HOLLY WARDLOW is Professor of Anthropology at the University of Toronto and author of Wayward Women: Sexuality and Agency in a New Guinea Society.

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As population estimates for 2050 reach over 9 billion, issues of food security and nutrition have been dominating academic and policy debates. A total of 805 million people are undernourished worldwide and malnutrition affects nearly every country on the planet. Despite impressive productivity increases, there is growing evidence that conventional agricultural strategies fall short of eliminating global hunger, as well as having long-term ecological consequences. Forests can play an important role in complementing agricultural production to address the Sustainable Development Goals on zero hunger. Forests and trees can be managed to provide better and more nutritionally-balanced diets, greater control over food inputs – particularly during lean seasons and periods of vulnerability (especially for marginalised groups) – and deliver ecosystem services for crop production. However forests are undergoing a rapid process of degradation, a complex process that governments are struggling to reverse. This volume provides important evidence and insights about the potential of forests to reducing global hunger and malnutrition, exploring the different roles of landscapes, and the governance approaches that are required for the equitable delivery of these benefits. Forests and Food is essential reading for researchers, students, NGOs and government departments responsible for agriculture, forestry, food security and poverty alleviation around the globe.

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Did you know that about 30 million Americans are living with diabetes? Instead of taking medications, try incorporating some healthy lifestyle changes to help manage this common disease.

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"Parir e nascer, definitivamente, não são processos ‘naturais’ nem meramente fisiológicos. São eventos sociais e culturais complexos, que envolvem interações entre indivíduos, grupos sociais e organizações (hospitais e maternidades), com poderes e legitimidades diferenciados". A partir desta constatação, a autora faz uma investigação sistemática sobre como disputas em torno do modelo de assistência ao parto tornam-se obstáculos para a implementação de uma política que considere mais o papel da mulher e minimize os impactos negativos de uma excessiva hospitalização do processo. Com base no caso da rede hospitalar de Belo Horizonte – pública, filantrópica, privada contratada e privada não contratada pelo SUS –, verifica em que medida as políticas nacionais de humanização do parto se operacionalizaram, como se portaram profissionais obstetras (médicos e enfermeiras) e quais foram as dificuldades institucionais enfrentadas para colocar em prática essas políticas. Fornece, assim, valiosos indicadores para todos aqueles empenhados na efetiva humanização do parto no Brasil.

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Angesichts der Corona-bedingten Verlagerung von Unterricht ins Digitale und Private stehen vor allem neu zugewanderte Schüler:innen und ihre Lehrkräfte vor besonderen Herausforderungen beim Lernen und Lehren. Der Sammelband trägt dazu aktuelle empirische Erkenntnisse zu veränderten zweitsprachlichen Lehr-Lern-Prozessen zusammen und stellt sie für Forschung und Bildung zur Diskussion.

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Moral Foods: The Construction of Nutrition and Health in Modern Asia investigates how foods came to be established as moral entities, how moral food regimes reveal emerging systems of knowledge and enforcement, and how these developments have contributed to new Asian nutritional knowledge regimes. The collection’s focus on cross-cultural and transhistorical comparisons across Asia brings into view a broad spectrum of modern Asia that extends from East Asia, Southeast Asia, to South Asia, as well as into global communities of Western knowledge, practice, and power outside Asia. The first section, “Good Foods,” focuses on how food norms and rules have been established in modern Asia. Ideas about good foods and good bodies shift at different moments, in some cases privileging local foods and knowledge systems, and in other cases privileging foreign foods and knowledge systems. The second section, “Bad Foods,” focuses on what makes foods bad and even dangerous. Bad foods are not simply unpleasant or undesirable for aesthetic or sensory reasons, but they can hinder the stability and development of persons and societies. Bad foods are symbolically polluting, as in the case of foreign foods that threaten not only traditional foods, but also the stability and strength of the nation and its people. The third section, “Moral Foods,” focuses on how themes of good versus bad are embedded in projects to make modern persons, subjects, and states, with specific attention to the ambiguities and malleability of foods and health. The malleability of moral foods provides unique opportunities for understanding Asian societies’ dynamic position within larger global flows, connections, and disconnections. Collectively, the chapters raise intriguing questions about how foods and the bodies that consume them have been valued politically, economically, culturally, and morally, and about how those values originated and evolved. Consumers in modern Asia are not simply eating to satisfy personal desires or physiological needs, but they are also conscripted into national and global statemaking projects through acts of ingestion. Eating, then, has become about fortifying both the person and the nation.

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Hesitações são bastante frequentes no discurso de parkinsonianos e seriam decorrentes, para a literatura biomédica, de aspectos orgânicos alterados pela doença. Os autores, porém, se questionam: seriam os aspectos orgânicos os únicos a explicarem sua ocorrência no discurso de parkinsonianos? Baseados na Linguística, campo no qual as hesitações são vistas como um fenômeno presente em qualquer condição de uso da linguagem, os autores procuram demonstrar que o funcionamento das hesitações no discurso de parkinsonianos supõe não apenas a ação dos aspectos orgânicos, mas, também, dos aspectos linguístico-discursivos da linguagem.

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Sage-femme Collective is an anonymous group of professional researchers, herbalists, and individuals involved in the women's self-help movement. Natural Liberty is a guide for women interested in self-induced abortion methods and covers modern methods of medical abortion and menstrual extraction to alternative methods of herbs, homeopathy, acupuncture, massage, and yoga. Sage-femme Collectives addresses the lay reader, however this detailed guide includes new information that will be of interest to scholars as well as educated adults

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Plantas Medicinais colabora com a preservação e multiplicação das informações obtidas em trabalhos comunitários acerca do uso de plantas para fins medicinais, com o devido respeito às tradições da herança cultural africana na medicina do Brasil. As indicações terapêuticas tradicionais indicam plantas para fins medicinais que extrapolam em muito a terapêutica convencional, assumindo, em determinados momentos, um caráter místico, embasado em crenças culturais inerentes ao grupo étnico. A visão do homem, como ser integral, respeitado em seu momento de fragilidade, quando algum mal de origem psíquica ou somática lhe aflige, destaca-se como a principal ótica para o entendimento deste trabalho.

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A coletânea abrange diversos temas, entre eles: as concepções da imagem corporal entre praticantes e instrutores de musculação, fisiculturistas e estudantes de Educação Física na região metropolitana de Salvador; a atividade física como fator de proteção para co-morbidades cardiovasculares em mulheres obesas; prevalência e fatores associados à inatividade física em adultos na cidade de Lauro de Freitas-BA, entre outros.

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Homem que é homem não chora, não sente medo, não fica doente, não vai ao médico. Este modelo hegemônico de masculinidade afeta negativamente a saúde e, muitas vezes, inviabiliza práticas de cuidado. A constatação não é nova, mas ainda não havia na literatura uma obra que discutisse a saúde do homem de forma integral e abrangente – a maioria dos trabalhos acadêmicos coloca em foco a saúde da mulher. A lacuna acaba de ser preenchida com o lançamento deste livro. A coletânea trabalha com a perspectiva de gênero e não é voltada apenas para a clínica médica, inserindo o debate no campo da saúde coletiva. Assinados por uma variada gama de especialistas, como médicos, psicólogos, sociólogos e antropólogos, os capítulos discutem integralidade em saúde, gênero, juventude, exclusão social, discriminação, sexualidade, reprodução, violência e homofobia, entre outros temas.

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Physiological rhythms are central to life. Mammalian behavior and metabolism are organized around the day and night by the regulated action of cell-autonomous clocks that exist throughout our bodies. At the core of this molecular clockwork are multiple coupled feedback loops that generate sustained circadian rhythms in gene expression to ultimately orchestrate mammalian physiology. In this work we provide evidence for the role of metabolism in regulating the core clock. We present genes involved in energetic and redox pathways which we identified to be essential for the robustness of cellular timekeepers to temperature fluctuations. We developed the first computational model for circadian redox oscillations that contributes to the understanding of how cellular redox balance might adjust circadian rates in response to perturbations and convey timing information to the core molecular oscillator. Moreover, we show that our mathematical model can be coupled with prior published models of the transcriptional clockwork resulting in 1:1 entrainment. This experimental-theoretical approach exemplifies the need of a dynamic analysis at the system level to understand complex biological processes and provides insights into how basic timekeeping mechanisms are integrated into cellular physiology. Such knowledge might highlight new ways by which functional consequences of circadian timekeeping can be explored in the context of human health and disease.

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Pesquisar sobre os problemas de atenção no contexto escolar lança-nos a um grande desafio: compreender como as crianças e adolescentes estão sendo diagnósticados com Transtorno de Déficit e Atenção e Hiperatividade - TDAH; conhecer os encaminhamentos e as intervenções realizadas por médicos, professores psicólogos, fonoaudiólogos e demais especialistas fora e intramuros da escola.

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O presente livro da coleção História e Saúde ao mesmo tempo que enfoca o nascimento de duas especialidades da medicina - a obstetrícia e a ginecologia - aborda, a partir de pesquisa aprofundada - o nascimento de todo um discurso que pretendia conhecer a natureza feminina.Quando o corpo feminino passa a ser um objeto de estudo e quando o discurso médico-científico passa a discursar sobre este corpo, a medicina também se torna responsável pela construção de muitos mitos ainda hoje presentes no imaginário ocidental acerca da mulher. Desse modo, trabalhando não só com o discurso médico europeu, mas também com trabalhos diversos de renomados intelectuais brasileiros acerca do corpo feminino, Ana Paula Vosne Martins revela diferentes representações construídas sobre a mulher ao longo dos séculos XIX e XX.

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